sci_phy
Sound Waves
Chapter summary, hard words and model exam answers for ICSE Class 10 Hindi.
Free online summary and notes (ICSE Class 10 Hindi). Read it here, no PDF download needed.
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Physics · CBSE 10 · ICSE 10 · GCSE (AQA, Edexcel, OCR)
Summary
The particles vibrate back and forth along the direction the wave moves - this is why sound is longitudinal. The particles do not travel; only the energy does.
It travels fastest in solids and slowest in gases because tightly packed particles pass the vibration on more quickly.
These are independent: you can make a sound louder without changing its pitch, and vice versa.
Ultrasound (above 20 kHz) uses this for sonar depth-finding, foetal scans and crack detection in metals.
Hard words & meanings
| longitudinal wave | a wave in which particles vibrate parallel to the direction the wave travels |
| compression | a region where particles are pushed close together, giving high pressure |
| rarefaction | a region where particles are spread far apart, giving low pressure |
| frequency | the number of waves passing a point each second, measured in hertz |
| amplitude | the maximum displacement of a particle from its rest position |
| pitch | how high or low a sound seems, determined by its frequency |
| echo | a sound heard again after it reflects from a distant surface |
| ultrasound | sound with frequency above 20 kHz, beyond human hearing |
Model exam answers, grammar & audio
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