sci_phy
Pressure in Fluids
Chapter summary, hard words and model exam answers for ICSE Class 10 Hindi.
Free online summary and notes (ICSE Class 10 Hindi). Read it here, no PDF download needed.
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Physics · CBSE 10 · ICSE 10 · GCSE (AQA, Edexcel, OCR)
Summary
The same force on a smaller area gives a bigger pressure. That is why a sharp knife or a drawing pin cuts easily.
It depends only on depth, density and gravity, not the container's shape. Pressure also acts equally in all directions.
If upthrust equals the object's weight, it floats; if its weight is larger (denser than the fluid), it sinks.
A small force on a small piston makes a pressure that acts on a large piston to give a large force. This runs car brakes and hydraulic lifts.
Hard words & meanings
| pressure | the force acting at right angles on each unit of area, measured in pascals |
| pascal | the SI unit of pressure, equal to one newton per square metre |
| density | mass per unit volume of a substance, symbol rho, in kg per cubic metre |
| upthrust | the upward buoyancy force a fluid exerts on an object in it |
| Archimedes' principle | upthrust on an object equals the weight of fluid it displaces |
| atmospheric pressure | the pressure from the weight of the air column above, about 101 kPa at sea level |
| Pascal's law | pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted equally throughout it |
| buoyancy | the tendency of a fluid to push an object upward; the cause of floating |
Model exam answers, grammar & audio
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