sci_phy

Electromagnets

Chapter summary, hard words and model exam answers for ICSE Class 10 Hindi.

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Physics · CBSE 10 · ICSE 10 · GCSE (AQA, Edexcel, OCR)

Oersted found in 1820 that a current makes a magnetic field. A coil concentrates that field; an iron core makes it far stronger.

Use the right-hand grip rule: curl your fingers the way the current flows and your thumb points to the north pole.

Soft iron is used, not steel, because it magnetises strongly but loses its magnetism the instant the current stops.

A relay lets a small current switch a large one. A scrapyard crane lifts iron, then drops it by cutting the power.

electromagnet	a magnet made by passing current through a coil, usually around an iron core
solenoid	a coil of wire wound into a cylinder that acts as a magnet when current flows
soft iron	iron that magnetises strongly but loses its magnetism quickly when the current stops
core	the iron rod placed inside a coil to make the magnetic field much stronger
right-hand grip rule	fingers curl in the current direction, thumb points to the north pole of a solenoid
relay	a switch worked by an electromagnet, letting a small current control a larger one
armature	the moving iron piece pulled by an electromagnet, as in an electric bell
motor effect	the force on a current-carrying wire placed in a magnetic field

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