sci_chem
Structure and Properties Structure, Bonding and Properties
Chapter summary, hard words and model exam answers for ICSE Class 10 Hindi.
Free online summary and notes (ICSE Class 10 Hindi). Read it here, no PDF download needed.
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Chemistry · CBSE 10 · ICSE 10 · GCSE (AQA, Edexcel, OCR)
Summary
How the particles bond decides which group it is in. Each group has its own set of properties.
Ionic and giant covalent melt high because strong bonds must break. Simple molecular melts low because only weak intermolecular forces break.
Metals have delocalised electrons (always conduct). Ionic conducts only when ions are free to move (molten or dissolved). Graphite conducts; diamond does not.
High MP and conducts only when molten means ionic. Very high MP and never conducts means giant covalent. Conducts in all states and bends means metallic.
Hard words & meanings
| ionic bond | the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions formed by electron transfer |
| covalent bond | a shared pair of electrons between two non-metal atoms |
| delocalised electrons | electrons free to move through a metal lattice, not fixed to one atom |
| giant lattice | a huge regular repeating 3D network of particles |
| intermolecular forces | weak attractions between separate molecules |
| electrolyte | a molten or dissolved ionic compound that conducts and is broken down by electricity |
| malleable | able to be hammered into sheets without breaking |
| delocalisation | the spreading of electrons over many atoms rather than between just two |
Model exam answers, grammar & audio
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