sci_chem
Hydrocarbons
Chapter summary, hard words and model exam answers for ICSE Class 10 Hindi.
Free online summary and notes (ICSE Class 10 Hindi). Read it here, no PDF download needed.
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Chemistry · CBSE 10 · ICSE 10 · GCSE (AQA, Edexcel, OCR)
Summary
Alkanes have only single bonds (saturated). Alkenes have a C=C double bond (unsaturated).
Alkanes follow CnH2n+2 and are unreactive. Alkenes follow CnH2n and react easily at the C=C.
Long chains have stronger forces and higher boiling points, so they condense lower in the column.
Complete combustion gives CO2 and water; limited air gives toxic CO and soot.
Hard words & meanings
| hydrocarbon | a compound containing only carbon and hydrogen |
| saturated | a hydrocarbon with only single carbon-carbon bonds |
| unsaturated | a hydrocarbon with at least one C=C double bond |
| fractional distillation | separating a liquid mixture by differences in boiling point |
| cracking | breaking long hydrocarbon chains into shorter ones using heat and a catalyst |
| addition reaction | a reaction where atoms add across a C=C double bond |
| complete combustion | burning in plenty of oxygen to give only CO2 and water |
| incomplete combustion | burning in limited oxygen, producing carbon monoxide and soot |
Model exam answers, grammar & audio
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