sci_chem
Chemical Analysis
Chapter summary, hard words and model exam answers for ICSE Class 10 Hindi.
Free online summary and notes (ICSE Class 10 Hindi). Read it here, no PDF download needed.
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Chemistry · CBSE 10 · ICSE 10 · GCSE (AQA, Edexcel, OCR)
Summary
Qualitative tests give a colour or observation that names an ion. Quantitative methods like titration give a number.
Heat excites electrons; light of a fixed colour is released. Adding NaOH makes an insoluble metal hydroxide of a known colour.
CO2 turns limewater milky, H2 gives a squeaky pop, O2 relights a glowing splint, NH3 turns damp red litmus blue.
Solvent carries components up the paper by different distances. Rf is fixed for a substance in a given solvent.
Hard words & meanings
| qualitative analysis | analysis that identifies which substances are present, without measuring amount |
| quantitative analysis | analysis that measures the amount or concentration of a substance |
| precipitate | an insoluble solid formed when two solutions react |
| flame test | identifying a metal ion by the colour it gives in a hot flame |
| chromatography | separating a mixture by how strongly each part is held by paper versus solvent |
| Rf value | distance moved by a spot divided by distance moved by the solvent front |
| limewater | calcium hydroxide solution, used to test for carbon dioxide |
| titration | adding a measured solution from a burette to find an unknown concentration |
Model exam answers, grammar & audio
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