sci_bio

Respiration

Chapter summary, hard words and model exam answers for ICSE Class 10 Hindi.

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Biology · CBSE 10 · ICSE 10 · GCSE (AQA, Edexcel, OCR)

Breathing just moves air in and out of the lungs. Respiration happens inside every living cell, all the time, to power life.

This happens in the mitochondria and gives about 38 ATP per glucose. It is the main pathway when oxygen is available.

Muscle cells make lactic acid; yeast makes ethanol and CO2. Both give only about 2 ATP per glucose.

Lactic acid is carried to the liver and broken down using oxygen. This 'extra' oxygen needed is the oxygen debt.

respiration	the chemical breakdown of glucose in cells to release energy as ATP
aerobic	a process that uses oxygen
anaerobic	a process that does not use oxygen
ATP	adenosine triphosphate, the molecule that stores and supplies energy in cells
mitochondrion	the organelle where most aerobic respiration takes place
lactic acid	the product of anaerobic respiration in muscle cells; causes fatigue
oxygen debt	the extra oxygen needed after exercise to break down lactic acid
fermentation	anaerobic respiration in yeast and bacteria, producing ethanol or lactic acid

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