sci_bio
Organisation: Cells to Systems
Chapter summary, hard words and model exam answers for ICSE Class 10 Hindi.
Free online summary and notes (ICSE Class 10 Hindi). Read it here, no PDF download needed.
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Biology · CBSE 10 · ICSE 10 · GCSE (AQA, Edexcel, OCR)
Summary
Each level is simpler than the one above it. Humans have many organ systems, such as digestive, circulatory and nervous, all working together.
Blood and bone are connective tissues. Nervous tissue is made of neurones that carry electrical messages fast.
Xylem moves water and minerals upward through dead, hollow cells. Phloem moves sugar through living cells.
Organ systems fix this with large thin exchange surfaces (alveoli, villi) and transport networks (blood). Specialisation makes each cell efficient at one job.
Hard words & meanings
| tissue | a group of similar cells that work together to perform a particular function |
| organ | a structure made of two or more tissues working together for a major function |
| organ system | a group of organs that together carry out a broad function such as digestion |
| epithelial tissue | tissue that covers body surfaces and lines cavities and tubes |
| connective tissue | tissue that supports, binds or transports; includes bone, blood and cartilage |
| meristematic tissue | plant tissue of dividing cells that produces growth at root and shoot tips |
| xylem | complex plant tissue of dead cells that carries water and minerals up from the roots |
| phloem | complex plant tissue of living cells that carries dissolved sugar around the plant |
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