sci_bio
Cell Transport
Chapter summary, hard words and model exam answers for ICSE Class 10 Hindi.
Free online summary and notes (ICSE Class 10 Hindi). Read it here, no PDF download needed.
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Biology · CBSE 10 · ICSE 10 · GCSE (AQA, Edexcel, OCR)
Summary
The membrane lets some molecules through and blocks others. Three processes do the moving: diffusion, osmosis and active transport.
It is passive - no ATP, driven by the random motion of particles. It moves oxygen from the alveoli into blood and CO2 the other way.
It is also passive. Roots take up water this way, and red blood cells swell or shrink depending on the solution around them.
Roots absorb mineral ions this way even when ions inside are already higher; the gut absorbs the last of the glucose the same way.
Hard words & meanings
| diffusion | the net movement of particles from a region of higher to lower concentration |
| osmosis | the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from dilute to concentrated solution |
| active transport | movement of substances against the gradient using ATP and carrier proteins |
| selectively permeable | a membrane that lets some molecules through but blocks others |
| concentration gradient | the difference in concentration between two regions |
| turgid | a plant cell that is firm because it is full of water |
| plasmolysis | loss of water so the membrane pulls away from the cell wall |
| ATP | the energy-carrying molecule used to power active transport |
Model exam answers, grammar & audio
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