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महाराष्ट्र राज्य मंडळ / CBSE · १० वी · मराठी अक्षरभारती (द्वितीय भाषा)

उपयोजित लेखन Upayojit Lekhan (Applied / Functional Writing)

Chapter summary, hard words and model exam answers for Class 10 Marathi.

Free online summary and notes (Class 10 Marathi). Read it here, no PDF download needed.

About the author

This is not the work of a single author but the 'Upayojit Lekhan' (Applied Writing) section of the Balbharati 'Aksharbharati Marathi' textbook, which guides students through five writing skills: letter writing, summary writing, advertisement writing, news writing and story writing.

Summary

पत्रलेखन ही एक कला आहे, जी आपले विचार व भावना दुसऱ्यापर्यंत पोहोचवते. पत्रांचे दोन प्रकार असतात, अनौपचारिक (जवळच्या व्यक्तीला) आणि औपचारिक (मागणी, विनंती, कार्यालयीन). आता ई-मेल पाठवण्याच्या पद्धतीनुसारही पत्राचे प्रारूप शिकवले जाते.

Letter writing is an art and an excellent written medium for conveying one's thoughts and feelings clearly to another person. Although the rise of phone use has reduced the need for letters, the skill of expressing feelings effectively in an informal letter, and stating a request, complaint or demand in as few words as possible in a formal one, remains essential even today. Letters fall into two types: informal letters sent to someone close and dear, and formal letters written for requests, demands, or official and business purposes. In today's technological age, the letter format is now taught according to the conventions of sending an email, including the date, the recipient's designation, the subject line, a salutation, the main content, and the sender's address at the end.

सारांश लेखन म्हणजे मोठा उतारा वाचून त्यातील मुख्य मुद्दे कमी शब्दांत मांडणे. जाहिरात लेखन म्हणजे एखादी वस्तू किंवा सेवा आकर्षक व मोजक्या शब्दांत लोकांसमोर मांडणे, जेणेकरून वाचणाऱ्याचे लक्ष वेधले जाईल.

In summary writing, the student reads a longer passage carefully, identifies its central idea and key points, and restates them in their own words as concisely as possible, without altering the original meaning. In advertisement writing, information about a product, service or event must be conveyed in attractive, economical and effective words that instantly catch the reader's attention. A good advertisement includes a bold headline, essential details such as date, venue and contact information, and an eye-catching layout.

बातमी लेखन म्हणजे घडलेली घटना नेमकेपणाने, वस्तुनिष्ठपणे आणि थोडक्यात मांडणे. कथालेखन कौशल्यात दिलेल्या मुद्द्यांवरून किंवा एखाद्या कल्पनेवरून सुसंगत आणि रंजक कथा तयार करायची असते.

In news writing, an event that has occurred must be reported objectively, precisely and concisely, clearly answering the questions of who, what, when, where, how and why. The headline should be catchy yet to the point. In story writing, students must build a coherent, engaging and meaningful story from a set of given points or an idea, arranging events in logical sequence, introducing characters clearly, and closing with some message or moral.

Hard words & meanings

औपचारिकठराविक नियम व शिष्टाचार पाळून लिहिलेले (पत्र)
अनौपचारिकजवळच्या व्यक्तीला मोकळेपणाने लिहिलेले (पत्र)
संक्रमणभावना किंवा विचार दुसऱ्यापर्यंत पोहोचवणे
क्षेमकुशलएखाद्याच्या आरोग्याची व कुशलतेची विचारपूस
प्रारूपएखाद्या लेखनाचा ठरलेला नमुना किंवा रचना
मुद्देसूदअनावश्यक तपशील टाळून मुख्य मुद्द्यांवर केंद्रित
वस्तुनिष्ठस्वतःचे मत न मिसळता, केवळ तथ्यांवर आधारित लेखन
संक्षिप्तमूळ आशय कायम ठेवून कमी शब्दांत मांडलेले
तात्पर्यकथेच्या शेवटी मिळणारा नैतिक बोध किंवा सार
उत्कंठापुढे काय होईल हे जाणून घेण्याची तीव्र इच्छा
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