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Standard Form (Scientific Notation)
Chapter summary, hard words and model exam answers for ICSE Class 10 Hindi.
Free online summary and notes (ICSE Class 10 Hindi). Read it here, no PDF download needed.
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Mathematics · CBSE 10 · ICSE 10 · GCSE (AQA, Edexcel, OCR)
Summary
The Sun is 150,000,000,000 m away; a proton weighs 0.00000000000000000000000000167 kg. Standard form packs each into A × 10ⁿ.
A must satisfy 1 ≤ A < 10, so 12 × 10³ is wrong but 1.2 × 10⁴ is right. n counts decimal jumps.
47,200 → 4.72 × 10⁴ (4 left). 0.00031 → 3.1 × 10⁻⁴ (4 right). The jump count is the power.
(3 × 10⁴)(2 × 10³) = 6 × 10⁷. To add, first make the powers equal, like a common denominator.
Hard words & meanings
| Standard form | Writing a number as A × 10ⁿ with 1 ≤ A < 10 and n an integer. |
| Scientific notation | Another name for standard form, used in science and the USA. |
| Integer | A whole number, positive, negative or zero. |
| Power (exponent) | The small raised number n in 10ⁿ saying how many times to multiply by 10. |
| Order of magnitude | The power of 10 nearest a number; each factor of 10 is one order. |
| Significant figures | The meaningful digits that carry the number's precision. |
| Negative exponent | A power less than zero, showing a number smaller than 1. |
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