Histograms

Chapter summary, hard words and model exam answers for ICSE Class 10 Hindi.

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Mathematics · CBSE 10 · ICSE 10 · GCSE (AQA, Edexcel, OCR)

A bar chart shows separate categories and has gaps. A histogram shows continuous data like time or mass, so the bars touch.

Frequency density = frequency / class width. This makes the AREA of a bar equal its frequency, which is fair even when widths differ.

frequency = frequency density × class width. The total area of all bars is the total number of values.

If a class of width 10 holds 20 values, the first 4 units hold about 4/10 × 20 = 8. This assumes a uniform spread.

frequency density	frequency divided by class width; the height of a histogram bar
class width	upper boundary minus lower boundary of a class
class boundary	the exact value at the edge of a class interval
continuous data	data that can take any value in a range, such as height or time
area	height times width of a bar, which equals its frequency
frequency	the number of data values in a class
uniform distribution	the assumption that values are spread evenly within a class
modal class	the class with the greatest frequency density (tallest bar)

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