CBSE · Class 10 · Urdu (003) · NCERT Nawa-e-Urdu
رباعیات - انیس Rubaiyat - Mir Babar Ali Anis
Chapter summary, hard words and model exam answers for CBSE Class 10 Hindi.
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About the author
Both rubais are by Mir Babar Ali Anis (1802-1874, born in Faizabad, later settled in Lucknow) - he died in 1874, so this is firmly public domain. Anis is counted among the greatest masters of Urdu marsiya-writing (elegiac poetry on the tragedy of Karbala), but he also achieved unmatched success in the rubai form. His ancestors had left Delhi to settle in Faizabad; besides Arabic and Persian, Anis mastered traditional sciences such as the Quran, hadith, logic, philosophy and medicine, and was also skilled in swordsmanship and horsemanship. He commanded the language with rare precision - his cho
Summary
भावार्थ: शायर सोच में पड़ा है कि वह बाग़-बगीचे में घूमे या रेगिस्तान की सैर करे, या फिर कान, पहाड़, जंगल और दरिया देखने जाए। हर जगह ख़ुदा की क़ुदरत के लाखों नज़ारे बिखरे हैं - शायर हैरान है कि सिर्फ़ दो आँखों से आख़िर वह क्या-क्या देख पाए, क़ुदरत का हर नज़ारा उसे मोहित कर लेता है।
Meaning: the poet wonders whether to wander through gardens and watch the desert's spectacle, or go see mines, mountains, forests and rivers. Everywhere lie countless glimpses of God's creative power - the poet is amazed, unsure what all he can possibly take in with just two eyes, since every scene of creation captivates him.
भावार्थ: दुनिया में जिसे ख़ुदा असली रुतबा (बड़प्पन) अता करता है, वह अपने दिल में फ़रोतनी (आजिज़ी, विनम्रता) को जगह देता है - यानी बड़प्पन इंसान को और नम्र बना देता है। इसके उलट, कम-अक़्ल (तही-मग़्ज़) लोग अपनी ही तारीफ़ ख़ुद करते फिरते हैं - जैसे कोई ख़ाली बर्तन ही शोर मचाता, आवाज़ करता है, जबकि भरा हुआ बर्तन ख़ामोश रहता है।
Meaning: whoever God grants true rank in this world makes room for humility in his heart - greatness makes a person more modest. In contrast, empty-headed people go about praising themselves - just as an empty vessel is the one that clatters and makes noise, while a full vessel stays silent.
Hard words & meanings
| معدن | जहाँ से धातुएँ निकाली जाती हैं |
| کوہ | ऊँचा पर्वत |
| دشت | बीहड़, वीरान इलाक़ा |
| جا | स्थान |
| رتبہ | मर्तबा, ओहदा |
| فروتنی | विनम्रता, नम्रता |
| تہی مغز | कम-अक़्ल, नासमझ |
| ثنا | प्रशंसा |
| ظرف | पात्र, बरतन |
| صدا | ध्वनि |
Model exam answers, grammar & audio
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